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Introduction: Nowadays, aging and its associated problems is a very important concern that has attracted the attention of different researchers with various scientific backgrounds to address this issue from various aspects.  
Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of positive thinking on psychological well-being and Quality of Life (QOL) in the elderly.
Materials and Methods: This semi-experimental study was carried out with pretest-posttest design using a control group and a one-month follow-up. The statistical population consisted of 80 elderly living in nursing centers in Lahijan, Iran in 2018. In this study, 30 subjects were randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups (n=15). Both groups completed the Ryff’s psychological well-being inventory and the QOL questionnaire. The experimental group was also subjected to positive thinking training. Finally, the collected data were analyzed by SPSS V. 22 software using the multivariate analysis of covariance.
Results: The result showed that positive thinking training increased the scores of psychological well-being (P<0.01). It also had a positive effect on the QOL of the experimental group compared with the control group (P<0.01), as it increased the QOL score of the experimental group, whereas the control group’s score did not change.
Conclusion: According to the results of the current study, positive thinking training can increase psychological well-being and QOL in the elderly.

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Background and Objective: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system affecting the brain and spinal cord functions, with mild to severe physical, visual, cognitive, and emotional responses. The present research aimed to predict psychological well-being based on mindfulness and emotion regulation strategies among patients with MS.
Materials and Methods: In this correlational study, 80 patients with MS were selected by the random sampling method in the academic year of 2018-19 in Shiraz, Iran. To collect the necessary data, three questionnaires were used as the tools of study, namely the Scales of Psychological Well-Being (SPWB), Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), and Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ). The gathered data were analyzed in AMOS software (version 23) using the multivariable kurtosis coefficient of Mardia.
Results: The results of this research implied that there was a significant relationship among the FFMQ dimensions (i.e., observing, describing, acting with awareness, non-judging of inner experience, and non-reactivity to inner experience) and the ERQ dimensions (reappraisal and suppression) with the SPWB dimensions (i.e., personal growth, self-acceptance, positive relationships with others, life satisfaction, spirituality, and pleasure and optimism) (P<0.05).
Conclusions: It was concluded that training mindfulness and emotion regulation strategies are applicable for patients with MS to improve their psychological well-being components in their lives. Future researchers are recommended to consider other patient groups with other diseases. It is suggested to apply the experimental research designs to promote psychological well-being.

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Background and Objective: Divorce is one of the most stressful events leading to emotional distress and behavioral problems that affect the metacognitive beliefs and psychological well-being of family members. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of compassion-focused therapy (CFT) on metacognitive beliefs, forgiveness, and psychological well-being of women applying for divorce in Shahr-e Ray, Iran, between 2018 and 2019.
Materials and Methods: This study followed a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The study population included all women applying for divorce in Shahar-e Ray city of Iran, from whom 28 applicants were selected using the convenience sampling method. The study population was randomly assigned to two groups of experiment (n=14) and control (n=14). The CFT was applied for eight sessions to the participants in the experimental group who were further divided into two groups. Women in the control group were put on the waiting list and did not receive any intervention. The tools used in this study consisted of Wells’ Metacognitive Beliefs Questionnaire (MCQ-30), Pollard’s Family Forgiveness Scale, and Ryff’s Scale of Psychological Well-being, which was administered to the participants in the pre-and post-test phases. The data were analyzed using SPSS software (Version 16) through descriptive statistics and analysis of covariance.
Results: The results indicate that there is a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of metacognitive beliefs variables, family forgiveness, and psychological well-being scales (P<0.001).
Conclusions: CFT is a third-wave psychological therapy that has been help to acceptance of Unpleasant emotions, thoughts, metacognitive beliefs, forgiveness, and psychological well-being of women applying for divorce.

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Objectives: The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy and hope therapy based on a positive psychology approach in psychological well-being and improvement of mental health among medical staff during the Covid1-19 pandemic.
Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted based on a pre-test post-test control group design. In this research, the statistical population included all the medical staff (nurses and doctors) of Valiasr (A.S.) and Samen Ala'mh hospitals during the Covid-19 pandemic, and 90 subjects were selected from each hospital via available sampling. They were assigned randomly to four groups, two experimental groups and two control groups (n=30 in each group). The first experimental group (ACT) received 8 sessions (one session per week for 120 min), and the second experimental group received 10 sessions of hope therapy based on positive psychology based on Seligman's treatment protocol, 2011) (one session every week for 90 min).  The tools used in this research were psychological well-being and general health questionnaires. The information obtained in the pre-test and post-test phases were analyzed in SPSS software (version 25) using covariance analysis
Results: The results pointed out that the therapy of acceptance and commitment and hope therapy based on a positive psychology approach was effective in psychological well-being and improvement of mental health of the medical staff in Valiasr (a.s.) and Saman Al-Aimeh (a.s.) hospitals during the Covid-19 pandemic (P<0.01).
Conclusion: As evidenced by the results of this study, the mental health and psychological well-being of the medical staff can be improved by new psychological solutions. These treatments are effective to a large extent in improving employees' individual and social performance.

 

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Background and Purpose: Of the most prevalent problems of women heading the households is their low level of psychological wellbeing, for which plenty of training interventions have been executed in order to be promoted in this group of women. The present study was done pursuing the goal to find out mindfulness-based training interventions’ effectiveness in psychological capital and wellbeing among the women heads of the households.
Material and Methods: The current research was performed based on a quasi-experimental method of pretest-posttest design with a control group and a two-month period follow-up. The study statistical community was made up of all women in charge of their families covered by Shiraz City Welfare Center in 2022-2023. Also the children of such women were studying in primary schools covered by Shiraz based Educational Department, District 2. Out of such women, 30 ones were selected by convenience sampling and allocated to experimental group (n=15) and control group (n=15). For data collection, Ryff’s Psychological Wellbeing Scale (1989) and Luthans’ Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ) (2007) were utilized. The experimental group received the mindfulness-based training intervention during eight 90-minute sessions (on a weekly basis from April 3, 2023 to June 4,2023).
Results: As the Covariance analysis induced findings indicated, the groups were significantly different in the pretest and posttest (P<0.0001).
Conclusion: The intervention led to increasing the psychological capital and psychological wellbeing. Overall, the results of the current research demonstrated the impact of the intervention on the psychological capital and wellbeing of the women heading their families.