Showing 7 results for Adolescents
Masumeh Besharatypoor, Amin Khalidinia,
Volume 5, Issue 3 (8-2018)
Abstract
Introduction: Studies in the recent two decades have shown that the quality of parental and adolescent communication has a major impact on the development of risk behaviors in adolescents.
Objectives: the purpose of this study was to investigate the causal model for depression in adolescents, based on the parenting styles through the mediating role of the parent-adolescence conflict.
Materials and Methods: The sample consisted of 150 male high school students in the first grade selected by a multistage random sampling method. In this research, the subjects completed the Children’s Depression Inventory short form (CDI-S), Baumrind Parenting Styles Questionnaire (BPSQ), and Parent-Adolescent Conflict (PAC) scale. The proposed model was evaluated using structural equation modeling method. Indirect relationships were tested by the Bootstrap method.
Results: The results of this study showed that the proposed model had an acceptable fit to the data, and all paths showed a significant relationship between parenting style (mediated by the parent-adolescent conflict) and for depression in young people, except for the authoritative parenting style. The results of several indirect paths showed that a significant relationship between permissive and authoritarian parenting styles (through parent-adolescent conflict) and depression in adolescents.
Conclusion: The conflict between parents and adolescents can have an impact on children’s psychological health. Therefore, solving family problems and providing an appropriate environment at home leads to physical and mental health in adolescents and also improves the proper functioning of the school and community.
Lida Mirzakhani, Alireza Heidari, Fariba Hafezi, Parvin Ehteshamzade, Parviz Askari,
Volume 6, Issue 3 (8-2019)
Abstract
Introduction: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of positive psychotherapy on internet addiction and identity crisis in senior female high school students in Falavarjan City, Iran.
Objectives: the use of the internet and social networks greatly influences the values of adolescents and demands; the needs previously met by the family are now met by this new medium.
Materials and Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test; post-test and a control group design. The statistical population of this study included senior high school female students and their parents from Falavarjan City (Isfahan Province, Iran) during the 2018-2019 academic year. Forty female high school students were selected by a multistage cluster sampling method. Then, they and their parents were randomly assigned into the control and experimental groups. The tools used in the study included Family Communication Patterns, Generalized Pathological Internet Use Scale, and Identity Crisis Questionnaire. The intervention included 8 positive psychotherapy sessions for parents and 9 positive psychotherapy sessions for adolescents. The obtained data were analyzed by Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA).
Results: The achieved results indicated that positive psychotherapy significantly reduced internet addiction (F=117.02, P<0.0005) and identity crisis (F=146.199, P<0.0005) in female adolescents (P<0.0005).
Conclusion: The study findings suggested that positive psychotherapy impacted Internet addiction and identity crisis in female senior high school students.
Farhad Akbarpour, Mehdi Zare Bahramabadi, Mehdi Davaei, Fariba Hassani,
Volume 8, Issue 3 (6-2021)
Abstract
Background: Mindfulness-based interventions can focus on the present to free people from unpleasant events of the past and worries about the future, thereby reducing their involvement in high-risk behaviors.
Objectives: The present study aimed to assess the effectiveness of mindfulness and emotion regulation training in the reduction of emotion dysregulation in externalization symptoms in adolescents with a tendency for high-risk Behaviors.
Materials and Methods: This experimental study was conducted on 74 at-risk high school adolescents in the 15th district of Tehran in 2019. They were randomly assigned to three groups of mindfulness, emotion regulation, and control groups. With a pre-test and post-test control group design, subjects in the intervention groups underwent sessions of mindfulness and emotion regulation training, while the control group did not receive any intervention. All groups were evaluated in pre-test and post-test using Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). The data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 18) using multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) test.
Results: Based on the results, there were no significant mean differences among groups in the pretest. Nonetheless, the scores of externalization syndrome in the subscale of lawless behavior (2η=0.19; P<0.01; F=6.31 (53.2)) and aggressive behavior (18/18 0=2nd; P<0.01; F=5.68 (53.2) significantly reduced in two groups of mindfulness and emotion regulation, compared to those obtained in the control group.
Conclusion: Mindfulness-based group training and emotion regulation could be regarded as useful interventions for at-risk adolescents by emotion regulation and reduction of the possibility of risky behaviors.
Fataneh Espahbodi, Bahram Mirzaian, Ghodratollah Abbasi,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (5-2022)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Adolescence is one of the most critical and sensitive stages of human development associated with the confusion of needs. Suicidal tendencies are directly related to unmet needs, feelings of despair and helplessness, conflicts in life, and unbearable stress. The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy and reality therapy in suicidal ideation, self-harm, and aggression in adolescents.
Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted based on a pretest-posttest multi-group design with a follow-up period. The statistical population of this study included 12th-grade female students in Sari in the academic year of 2019-2020. Out of this population, 60 subjects were selected via the purposive sampling method and assigned to three groups (n=20 in each group): acceptance and commitment, reality, and control groups. The research tool included the Bass and Perry Aggression Questionnaire (1992), Suicide Thought Questionnaire by Mohammadifar, Habibi and Besharat (2005), and Self-Harm Inventory (Sansone, Wiederman, and Sansone,1998). Data were analyzed using multivariate and univariate covariance in SPSS software (version 18).
Results: The results pointed out that acceptance and commitment therapy and reality therapy affected suicidal ideation, self-harm, and aggression in adolescents. Moreover, it was detected that acceptance and commitment therapy had a more significant effect on suicidal tendencies, self-harm, and aggression in adolescents than in reality therapy (P<0.001).
Conclusion: As evidenced by the results of this study, acceptance and commitment therapy and reality therapy can be used to reduce suicidal ideation, self-harming behaviors, and aggression in adolescents.
Parinaz Sepehri, Elham Aghaie, Marzieh Poursalehi Navideh,
Volume 10, Issue 2 (5-2023)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Adolescence is a very sensitive period in terms of mental injuries. The assessment of important variables during this period plays a significant role in the prevention of mental injuries in adulthood. The present study aimed to predict self-criticism and cyber-bullying victimization based on mindfulness in adolescents.
Materials and Methods: This research was conducted based on a descriptive and correlational design. The statistical population of the study included adolescents aged 14-18 years old in the senior secondary school of Zanjan in the fall of 2022. The sample consisted of 380 youths who were selected from girls' and boys' senior secondary schools using the available sampling method. The research tools were Mindfulness Scale, the Self-criticism questionnaire, and Cyber-Bullying/Victimization Experiences Questionnaire. Finally, the data were analyzed in Spss software (version 26) using a correlation matrix and linear regression.
Results: The results of the data analysis indicated that the researcher's hypothesis was confirmed at the 0.95 confidence level. Mindfulness inversely predicted self-criticism (β= -0.365, P=0.000), and mindfulness inversely predicted cyber-bullying victimization (β = -0.261, P=0.000).
Conclusions: As evidenced by the obtained results, mindfulness was reversely correlated with reduced self-criticism and bullying of cyber victims in adolescents.
Shiva Akhtarian, Mansoureh Bahramipour Isfahani, Gholamreza Manshaee,
Volume 11, Issue 1 (6-2024)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Adolescents experiencing body dissatisfaction fall within a group requiring serious attention from therapeutic and educational communities. This research aims to determine the effectiveness of a Healthy Body Image Package (HBIP) and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) on self-esteem in 12-15-year-old adolescents with body dissatisfaction.
Materials and Methods: The study, conducted in three stages of pre-test, post-test, and follow-up with a control group, involved 60 adolescents from Isfahan, Iran, high schools in the academic year 2023-2024. Body dissatisfaction was assessed using a 9-item scale from a 68-item Body Areas Satisfaction Scale evaluating individuals’ attitudes toward their body image. The dependent variable, adolescents’ conditional self-esteem, was measured using the Self-esteem Contingency Questionnaire for Adolescents. The intervention groups received eight 90-120-minute sessions of either HBIP or CBT training, while the control group received no intervention.
Results: Data analysis was performed using repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc test in SPSS-26 software. The results revealed a significant difference in self-esteem between the HBIP and CBT groups compared to the control group (P<0.01). Furthermore, positive self-esteem was higher in the HBIP group than in the CBT group.
Conclusions: Considering the positive impact of both interventions on increasing positive self-esteem in adolescents with body dissatisfaction, it is recommended that these interventions be implemented in adolescent psychology centers.
Vahid Falahati, Mahmoud Panahishahri, Hosein Sahebdel,
Volume 11, Issue 3 (9-2024)
Abstract
Background and Objective: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of reality therapy (RT) and acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) programs in reducing high-risk sexual behaviors (HRSBs) among adolescents.
Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted based on a pretest-posttest control group design. The statistical population comprised all male students at the upper secondary schools in the city of Ghaen, South Khorasan Province, Iran, in the 2022-2023 academic year. Among them, 45 individuals were selected by purposive sampling method and then randomized into three groups in line with the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Afterward, they completed the High-Risk Sexual Behaviors Scale (HRSBS) at the pretest and posttest stages. During the intervention programs, the experimental groups (EGs) I and II respectively received RT and ACT for eight 90-minute sessions, while the CG was only given daily training. To analyze the data, the SPSS Statistics (version 24) software package and the univariate analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) were utilized, considering the statistical assumptions.
Results: The study results revealed that the RT program significantly reduced HRSBs; however, ACT exhibited no noteworthy effects in this vein. Moreover, a significant difference was detected between the effectiveness of both interventions in lowering HRSBs (P<0.001).
Conclusions: The present study ultimately demonstrated that the RT program was a better and more efficient practice for adolescents, as compared to ACT. It further provided a greater opportunity for counselors and therapists to manage the major problems facing this age group.
