en Learning and Memory, Dementia, Alzheimer پژوهشي Research Article <strong>Introduction and Objectives:</strong> Abuse of androgenic-anabolic steroids is associated with cognitive impairment in athletes; however, the beneficial effects of herbs and exercise on memory improvement have been reported in this regard.<br> This study aimed to investigate the effect of eight weeks of resistance training (RT) with Tribulus Terrestris (TT) consumption on avoidance and working memory in rats exposed to stanozolol (S).<span dir="RTL"></span><br> <strong>Methods: </strong>In this experimental study, 35 male rats were divided into seven groups of five animals including: 1) sham (normal saline) (Sh), 2) S, 3) S+100 mg/kg TT (STT100), 4) S+50 mg/kg TT (STT50), 5) S+RT (SRT), 6) S+RT+100 mg/kg TT (SRTTT100), and 7) S+RT+50 mg/kg TT (SRTTT50). During eight weeks, groups 5-7 performed three sessions of weekly RT at an intensity of 30% to 100% of body weight, and groups 3, 4, 6, and 7 received 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg TT peritoneally per day. The avoidance and working memory were measured 24 h after the last training session using shuttle box and Y maze tests, respectively. <span dir="RTL"></span><br> <strong>Results</strong>: The step-through latency (STL) and percentage of non-repetitive alternations were significantly higher in the RT (P&le;0.05), STT100 (P&le;0.05), and SRTTT100 (P&le;0.05) groups. Additionally, the time spent in the dark compartment (TDC) was shorter than that in the S group. Moreover, PA levels were significantly higher in the SRTTT50 group, compared to that in the S group (P&le;0.05). The RT and 100 mg/kg TT significantly increased the STL, reduced TDC, and increased the non-repetitive percentage of alternation (PA) (P&le;0.05). Moreover, RT with 100 mg/kg TT significantly increased STL, decreased TDC, and increased PA (P<span dir="RTL">&ge;</span>0.05), while RT with 50 mg/kg TT only increased PA (P<span dir="RTL">&ge;</span>0.05).<br> <strong>Conclusion</strong>: The RT and TT consumption have a synergistic effect on memory improvement in rats exposed to S; however, it should be noted that the TT consumption is dose-dependent. Memory, Resistance Training, Tribulus Terrestris, Stanozolol 84 89 http://ajnpp.umsha.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-327-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Behnam Shamsi behnamshams68@gmail.com 10031947532846005186 10031947532846005186 No Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Mahallat Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mahallat, Iran Bahram Abedi abedi@iaumahallat.ac.ir 10031947532846005187 10031947532846005187 Yes Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Mahallat Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mahallat, Iran Seyed Ali Hosseini alihoseini_57@miau.ac.ir 10031947532846005188 10031947532846005188 No Department of Sports Physiology, Marvdasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran