en Health Education and Promotion پژوهشي Research Article <strong>Background</strong>: Substance dependence is acknowledged as one of the major social and health issues inflicting severe and profound physical and psychological harm, as well as numerous social damages, such as divorce and unemployment. The present study aimed to make a comparison between the effectiveness of Matrix training and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) treatments on positive and negative affects and craving in substance abusers who referred to Ahwaz addiction treatment centers within 2018-2019.<br> <strong>Materials and Methods</strong>: The present semi-experimental study was conducted using a pre-test post-test control group design with a two-month follow-up<span dir="RTL">.</span> The study population consisted of all substance abusers who referred to Ahwaz addiction treatment centers within 2018-2019<span dir="RTL">.</span> A total of 60 volunteers were selected by voluntary sampling method and randomly assigned to Matrix training (n=20), tDCS (n=20), and control (n=20) groups. Data were collected by The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) and Desire For Drug Questionnaire and were analyzed in SPSS software (version 22)<span dir="RTL">.</span><br> <strong>Results</strong>: Based on the obtained results, Matrix, tDCS, and control groups were significantly different in terms of positive and negative affects and craving (P<0.001). Moreover, it was found that Matrix training and tDCS were effective on positive and negative affects and cravings (P<0.001); nonetheless, no significant difference was observed between the matrix and tDCS groups (P>0.05).<br> <strong>Conclusion: </strong>Generally speaking, &nbsp;it can be concluded that Matrix training and tDCS methods are equally effective in emotions and craving<span dir="RTL">.</span> Craving, Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation, Drug users, Affect 178 183 http://ajnpp.umsha.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-262-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Salem Mosavi salem_764@yahoo.com 10031947532846004108 10031947532846004108 No Department of Psychology, Khorramshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khorramshahr, Iran Parvin Ehtesham Zadeh ehtesham@iauahvaz.ac.ir 10031947532846004109 10031947532846004109 Yes Department of Psychology, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran Zahra Eftekhar Saadi Eftekharsaadi@yahoo.com 10031947532846004110 10031947532846004110 No Department of Psychology, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran Alireza Heydarei arheidarie43@gmail.com 10031947532846004111 10031947532846004111 No Department of Psychology, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran