en Aging پژوهشي Research Article <div style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Background</strong>: The aging population is undoubtedly an optimum success created by changes in mortality decline, as well as social and economic processes.&nbsp;<br> <strong>Objectives</strong>: The aim of this paper is to investigate the relationship between personality-based psychological well-being variables and the mediation of self-care, spiritual experiences, and death anxiety.<br> <strong>Materials and Methods</strong>: The statistical population of the present correlational study included all elderly individuals, who were being taken care of in private and public centers in Tehran, Iran, from 2017 to 2018. A total of 300 elderly people (76 males and 224 females) were selected by the systematic stratified random sampling method. Ryff&rsquo;s psychological well-being inventory, daily spiritual experiences scale, and NEO five-factor personality traits inventory were used to collect the data. The data were analyzed by SPSS V. 22 and Amos 22, using multiple regression, path analysis, and structural equation modeling.<br> <strong>Results</strong>: Personality variables (five-factor) predicted psychological well-being. Personality variables both directly and indirectly had a significant relationship with psychological well-being through spirituality and death anxiety.<br> <strong>Conclusion</strong>: The predictive model of elderly psychological well-being based on personality with the mediation of self-care, spiritual experiences, and death anxiety has fitness.</div> Personality disorder, Aged, Self-care, Anxiety 91 102 http://ajnpp.umsha.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-192-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Ahmad Heidari heidary3706@gmail.com 10031947532846002267 10031947532846002267 No Department of Psychology and Counseling, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran. Mokhtar Arefi m.arefi@iauksh.ac.ir 10031947532846002268 10031947532846002268 Yes Department of Psychology and Counseling, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran. Hasan Amiri ahasan.amiri@yahoo.com 10031947532846002269 10031947532846002269 No Department of Psychology and Counseling, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran.