en Substance abuse, dependence, addiction پژوهشي Research Article <p style="margin: 0px 0px 13.33px; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed; direction: ltr;"><strong>Background</strong>: Substance abuse is one of the main health challenges that lead to addiction and physical, psychological, and social issues. It can also eliminate the foundation of family and community.&nbsp;<br> <strong>Objectives</strong>: The present study aimed at determining the frequency of experience of at least once abuse of addictive drugs in high school students in Hamedan, Iran.<br> <strong>Materials and Methods</strong>: The present cross-sectional study was carried out in 2015 in high schools of Hamedan City. A self-report questionnaire was used to identify the number of cigarette smokers and other addictive substances abusers. The data were analyzed, using SPSS V. 14.<br> <strong>Results</strong>: Out of 800 distributed questionnaires, 29 questionnaires were incomplete. In total, 18% of the students had abused addictive substances at least once. The most common substances were hookah, cigarette, and alcohol. Independent risk factors for substance abuse experience included male gender, non-governmental and vocational schools, mathematics major, history of the educational failure, an average of less than 17.00 GPA, unemployment of a student&rsquo;s father, and student&rsquo;s employment other than education.<br> <strong>Conclusion</strong>: The prevalence of hashish (cannabis) abuse and anabolic-androgenic steroids is high in Iran and codeine is the most commonly used substance in the non-prescribed groups.</p> Prevalence, Students, Substance abuse 67 74 http://ajnpp.umsha.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-35-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Azar Pirdehghan azar_pirdehghan@yahoo.com 10031947532846002270 10031947532846002270 No Department of Community and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. Sahar Mahmoodi saharmahmoudi24@yahoo.com 10031947532846002271 10031947532846002271 No Department of Community and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. Mohammad Ali Seifrabie seifrabie@umsha.ac.ir 10031947532846002272 10031947532846002272 No Department of Community and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. Mohammad Haghighi haghighi@umsha.ac.ir 10031947532846002273 10031947532846002273 Yes Research Center for Behavioral Disorders and Substances Abuse, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.